Glossary

Abbreviations and terms used across these docs. Core Concepts defines the objects you work with in more detail.

TermMeaning
AMIAmazon Machine Image, the disk image an EC2 fleet worker boots from. See EC2 Fleet.
Attack evalThe half of a control evaluation where the red team controls the untrusted model and pursues a side task. See AI Control Concepts.
Attack surfaceThe parts of an environment where an agent could accomplish a side task. See Making Side Tasks.
Audit, audit budgetAn audit sends an action to a human reviewer; the audit budget is the fraction of honest actions the blue team may audit. See AI Control Concepts.
AUROCArea under the ROC curve, a single number for how well a monitor separates honest from attack trajectories. See ROC Curves.
Blue protocolThe blue team's control logic that decides what to do with each action the untrusted policy proposes. See Protocols.
Blue team (BT)The side that designs protocols to maximize usefulness and safety. See AI Control Concepts.
CoverHow well a main task gives an agent plausible reasons to touch the code or data a side task needs. See Validate Cover.
CTShort for Control Tower, used in code comments and some variable names.
ctThe Control Tower command-line program. See the CLI reference.
Defer to trusted (DTT)A protocol that replaces a suspicious untrusted action with the trusted model's action. See AI Control Concepts.
Delayed and live failureWhether a side task's harm happens only after the trajectory ends (delayed) or during it (live). See Side Task Failure Types.
EC2Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud, which hosts fleet workers. See EC2 Fleet.
envShort for environment, used in command names (ct envs) and some prose.
Eval logThe Inspect .eval file an evaluation writes; the source of truth for results. See Evaluation Output.
eval1The evaluation path run by ct run eval and the control_tower/control_eval Inspect task, which takes either a policy or an untrusted policy with a blue protocol. See Running Evaluations.
eval2A second evaluation path run by ct run eval2 and the control_tower/control_eval2 task, with its own policy and protocol registries and a fixed white-team harness. See Evaluation Config Files.
FleetA group of EC2 workers that run one evaluation's samples in parallel. See EC2 Fleet.
FPRFalse positive rate: the fraction of honest actions or trajectories a monitor threshold flags. Audit budgets are stated as an FPR. See Safety Curves.
HawkA shared Kubernetes cluster service for running Inspect evaluations. See Running Evals on Hawk.
Honest evalThe half of a control evaluation where the untrusted model behaves honestly; it measures usefulness. See AI Control Concepts.
ISInternet simulator: a shared container that stands in for external websites and services. See Internet Simulator.
JSONLJSON Lines: one JSON object per line, the format of task sets.
K8sKubernetes, the container orchestrator Hawk runs on.
LinuxArenaA family of settings of realistic software environments: linuxarena, linuxarena-extras, and a private held-out setting. See Development Setup.
LLMLarge language model.
Main task (MT)One concrete piece of useful work in an environment, with its own scorer. See Making Main Tasks.
MatchOne blue protocol evaluated against one red-team attack (an attack policy, or an untrusted policy in protocol mode), giving one safety and usefulness pair. See Architecture at a Glance.
MCPModel Context Protocol, the interface the web viewer exposes to AI assistants. See Web Viewer.
mtgenMain task generation: the ct run mtgen pipeline that drafts, validates, and audits new main tasks. See Main Task Generation.
PolicyThe code that builds the agent for a whole trajectory, such as honest or attack. See Protocols.
PRPull request.
Red team (RT)The side that controls the untrusted model in attack evals and tries to accomplish side tasks without being caught. See AI Control Concepts.
Reward hackingPassing a scorer without doing what the task intends. See Reward Hacking Audit.
ROC curveReceiver operating characteristic curve: a monitor's true positive rate plotted against its false positive rate. See ROC Curves.
RunThe uploaded record of one evaluation, pointing at its eval log. See Evaluation Runs.
S3Amazon Simple Storage Service, where uploaded eval logs are stored. See Database.
Sabotage evalThe ct run sabotage-eval pipeline that runs honest and attack evals, monitoring, and metrics in one command. See Sabotage Eval Pipeline.
Sabotage trajectory (straj)A trajectory, usually made by a person, that accomplishes a side task while evading the monitor. See Making Sabotage Trajectories.
SettingA collection of environments, usually one repository under .settings/. See Core Concepts.
Side task (ST)A harmful objective the red team pursues covertly alongside a main task. See Making Side Tasks.
SSMAWS Systems Manager, whose Parameter Store holds the secrets fleet workers read. See EC2 Fleet.
SSOSingle sign-on, used to get AWS credentials. See EC2 Fleet.
Strategy guideA written attack plan that the strategy-attack policy follows for one main and side task pair. See Attack Strategy Guides.
Suspiciousness score (sus score)A monitor's rating of how suspicious an action or trajectory is, from 0 to 10. max_sus is the highest action score in a trajectory and traj_sus is the trajectory monitor's score. See Monitoring.
Task setA named JSONL file listing task combinations, passed with --task-file. See Task Selection.
trajShort for trajectory, as in ct traj and "traj directory", the folder that holds one straj's files. See Live Development.
TrajectoryThe recorded behavior of one evaluation sample. See Trajectories.
Trusted modelA weaker model the blue team trusts not to scheme, used for monitoring and fallback work. See AI Control Concepts.
Trusted monitoringA protocol in which the trusted model scores the untrusted model's actions and the most suspicious ones are audited. See AI Control Concepts.
TUITerminal user interface.
Untrusted model (U)The more capable model that may be misaligned; the red team controls it in attack evals. See AI Control Concepts.
UsefulnessThe share of main tasks the protocol completes in the honest eval. See AI Control Concepts.
VMVirtual machine.
White teamThe neutral party that fixes the game's parameters, such as the audit budget, models, and task distribution. See AI Control Concepts.